Today’s readings give us an insight into Peter the first pope and papal infallibility. The first reading from the prophet Isaiah reflects the special authority given by Jesus to St. Peter, as head of the Church. Eliakim is given authority over the inhabitants of Jerusalem, while Peter is given authority of Our Lord’s new Church. Eliakim shall be a father to the people of Jerusalem; the word pope means “father”, and he will be a father to all Christians.
Isaiah mysteriously seems to even foreshadow the clothing of the future popes. It states, “I will clothe him with your robe and gird him with your sash and give over to him authority.” How interesting that popes would eventually wear robes and a sash (which today we know as a cassock and cincture).
In Isaiah, the Lord places the key of David upon Eliakim’s shoulder. Peter receives the keys by the Son of David, who is the Son of God Himself. As Jesus said, “I will give you the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven.” The handing over of the keys is symbolic for the passing on of authority. Eliakim speaks more clearly about the authority as he states, “he opens, no one shall shut, when he shuts, no one shall open.” Jesus gave to Peter, the first pope, the authority to bind and loosen. He told Peter, "Whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven". Here Peter was singled out for the authority that provides for the forgiveness of sins and the making of disciplinary rules.
Peter alone was promised something else also. Jesus said, “I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven". In ancient times, a walled city might have one large gate; and that gate had one large lock, worked by one large key. To be given the key to the city is—an honor that exists even today. It meant whoever has the key has free access to and authority over the city. The city to which Peter was given the keys was the heavenly city itself.
When Peter declared who Jesus is: “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” he made an infallible statement. Our Lord makes it clear, that no one revealed this to Peter, except the heavenly Father.
Popes have made infallible statements throughout history. There are two most commonly noted. It was in 1854 when the Pope definitively defined and required the faithful to believe in Mary’s Immaculate Conception and in 1950, when the Pope declared Mary’s Assumption. Pope St. John Paul II made an infallible statement binding all to believe it, when we wrote Ordinatio Sacerdotalis, in 1994, which formally forbade women from becoming priests and required the faithful to believe only men can become priests.
Some falsely think the pope cannot sin nor make a mistake. But we don’t believe this. We don’t believe the pope can’t make mistakes and that he is not a sinner like all of us. We can’t make the falsely believe everything the pope says or writes is perfectly correct. The pope’s words and his writings can have errors in them, unless he formally exercises his papal authority.
For a papal infallible statement to be made, the pope, as the universal shepherd in exercising his authority, he must: 1. Declare the teaching he is proposing as a constant and universal teaching of the Church; 2. the judgment is to be definitively held by all the Church's faithful; 3. and it must concern faith and morals. If one of these is not present, then it’s not an infallible statement.
This past Friday was the feast of Pope St. Pius X, he is known as the Pope of the Eucharist. He lowered the age for First Communion to 7 years old (the age of reason). He also advocated frequent Communion.
Up to his time, children didn’t make their First Communion until they were about 12 years old. And people rarely received Holy Communion, out of fear of offending the Lord, even though they were in the state of grace.
He is also known for battling against the modernism heresy. Modernism is called the synthesis of all heresies. Modernism claims there is no objective truth and that the deposit of faith can change according to the times. Modernism also denies the miracles of Jesus and says they were just symbolic. For example, some say the miracle of Jesus multiplying the loaves and fish wasn’t a real miracle, because the people just share their food with each other, which contradicts scripture.
Because of the modernism heresy, he required all cardinals, bishops and priests to sign an oath against modernism.
The oath was done away with in the 1960’s by Pope Paul VI. However, today this heresy is rampant again. There are many in the Church are advocating change to the teaching of homosexuality, they want to no longer consider it disordered and even view it as good, which contradicts multiple passes in the Bible.
Today, some are wanting women deacons and women priests, but this has never been the case in the Church. As I mentioned earlier, Pope St. John Paul II reaffirmed that it Sacred Tradition, passed down to us from Jesus and the Apostles makes it impossible.
Another error today is the idea that all religions are paths to God and are equal. But, they are not. By making this claim, they are forgetting Jesus is the only way to the Father. He is the one mediator between God and man. He is the way, the truth and the life, and no one come to the Father, but through Him.
Another idea that is modernism is that the Church teaching on the death penalty can change. The Church teaching on the death penalty cannot change.
One of the primary roles of the pope is to safeguard Church teaching, which is what Pope Saint Pius X did when he proclaimed the truth and condemned the heresy of modernism.
The pope is to confirm the bishops and priests and laypeople in the faith. He is to clarify it and remove ambiguities that cause confusion. The keys given to Peter and passed down through the long line of popes gives us confidence, that the gates of hell will never prevail against the Church.
Today, we look to the popes in the past, who are canonized saints, like Pope Pius X, and ask them to intercede for us in our confusing time. And let us pray for our pope, Leo XIV, the successor of St. Peter, whom Jesus founded His Church. May he use his role as the chief shepherd of the Church to confirm the people of God in the faith, condemn heresy when it is rampant and proclaim the truth to bring as many as possible to salvation in Jesus Christ.
And may Mary, the Mother of the Church help us to faithfully follow the Church’s teachings, handed down to us from Peter and the apostles.
